Obesity is becoming an epidemic in the United States and worldwide and increases risk for
many diseases, particularly insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular …

Several lines of preclinical and clinical research have confirmed that chronic low-grade
inflammation of adipose tissue is mechanistically linked to metabolic disease and organ …

Objective The objective of this clinical practice guideline is to provide updated and new
evidence-based recommendations for the comprehensive care of persons with diabetes …

Insulin resistance (IR) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of
metabolism-related diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, tumors, and nonalcoholic fatty …

Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder affecting the glucose status of the human body.
Chronic hyperglycaemia related to diabetes is associated with end organ failure. The clinical …

Macrophages are present in most human tissues and have very diverse functions. Activated
macrophages are usually divided into two phenotypes, M1 macrophages and M2 …

The 1921 discovery of insulin was a Big Bang from which a vast and expanding universe of
research into insulin action and resistance has issued. In the intervening century, some …

Macrophages are key immune cells that respond to infections, and modulate
pathophysiological conditions such as wound healing. By possessing phagocytic activities …

Abstract Purpose of Review Skeletal muscle and bone are connected anatomically and
physiologically, and play a crucial role in human locomotion and metabolism. Historically …

Obesity is the most common cause of insulin resistance, and the current obesity epidemic is
driving a parallel rise in the incidence of T2DM. It is now widely recognized that chronic …