The immune system of the central nervous system (CNS) consists primarily of innate
immune cells. These are highly specialized macrophages found either in the parenchyma …

Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and plays a
fundamental role in mediating the onset and progression of disease. Microglia, which …

INTRODUCTION A reference atlas of human cell types is a major goal for the field. Here, we
set out to generate single-cell atlases of both gene expression (this study) and chromatin …

Microglia are specialized brain-resident macrophages that play crucial roles in brain
development, homeostasis, and disease. However, until now, the ability to model …

Brain organoids have been used to recapitulate the processes of brain development and
related diseases. However, the lack of vasculatures, which regulate neurogenesis and brain …

Microglia are specialized brain-resident macrophages that arise from primitive macrophages
colonizing the embryonic brain. Microglia contribute to multiple aspects of brain …

Brain development is an extraordinarily complex process achieved through the spatially and
temporally regulated release of key patterning factors. In vitro neurodevelopmental models …

Organoids are 3D cell culture systems derived from human pluripotent stem cells that
contain tissue resident cell types and reflect features of early tissue organization. Neural …

APOE4 is the strongest genetic risk factor associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease
(AD). To address the underlying mechanism, we develop cerebral organoid models using …

Microglia were first recognized as a distinct cell population in the CNS one century ago. For
a long time, they were primarily considered to be phagocytes responsible for removing …