Abiotic stress is a primary threat to fulfill the demand of agricultural production to feed the
world in coming decades. Plants reduce growth and development process during stress …

Studies with model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed that phytohormones
are central regulators of plant defense. The intricate network of phytohormone signaling …

Understanding the mechanisms regulating root development under drought conditions is an
important question for plant biology and world agriculture. We examine the effect of osmotic …

Toxic heavy metals and metalloids in agricultural ecosystems are crucial factors that limit
global crop productivity and food safety. Industrial toxic heavy metals and metalloids such as …

Highlights•Many land plant-like features evolved in freshwater algae.•The cell wall,
alternation of division plane and polyplastidy were probably important for terrestrialization.• …

Plant response to drought and hyperosmosis is mediated by the phytohormone abscisic acid
(ABA), a sesquiterpene compound widely distributed in various embryophyte groups …

The SNF1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) family includes key regulators of osmostress
and abscisic acid (ABA) responses in angiosperms and can be classified into three …

The genomes of charophyte green algae, close relatives of land plants, typically do not show
signs of developmental regulation by phytohormones. However, scattered reports of …

The anatomically simple plants that first colonized land must have acquired molecular and
biochemical adaptations to drought stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) coordinates responses …

Key message Most known phytohormones regulate moss development. We present a
comprehensive view of the synthesis and signaling pathways for the most investigated of …