Abstract The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover arrived at Mars in August 2012 with a
primary goal of characterizing the habitability of ancient and modern environments. Curiosity …

The past fifteen years of orbital infrared spectroscopy and in situ exploration have led to a
new understanding of the composition and history of Mars. Globally, Mars has a basaltic …

Mastcam-Z is a multispectral, stereoscopic imaging investigation on the Mars 2020 mission's
Perseverance rover. Mastcam-Z consists of a pair of focusable, 4: 1 zoomable cameras that …

Landforms and deposits observed on the Martian surface suggest that Mars' early climate
supported rivers and lakes over a time span of more than a billion years. But, like Earth …

INTRODUCTION Remote observational data suggest that large bodies of standing water
existed on the surface of Mars in its early history. This would have required a much wetter …

The HiRISE camera features a 0.5 m diameter primary mirror, 12 m effective focal length,
and a focal plane system that can acquire images containing up to 28 Gb (gigabits) of data …

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the outermost of the rocky, terrestrial planets that
make up the inner solar system. Of this planetary family, Mars is only larger than Mercury …

Mars accumulated and differentiated into crust, mantle and core within a few tens of millions
of years of Solar System formation. Formation of Hellas, which has been adopted as the …

The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) is a hyperspectral
imager on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft. CRISM consists of three …

Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) result from the response of microbial
mats to physical sediment dynamics. MISS are cosmopolitan and found in many modern …