Deciphering the multi-scale, quantitative cis-regulatory code

S Kim, J Wysocka - Molecular cell, 2023 - cell.com
Uncovering the cis-regulatory code that governs when and how much each gene is
transcribed in a given genome and cellular state remains a central goal of biology. Here, we …

The transcription factor activity gradient (TAG) model: contemplating a contact-independent mechanism for enhancer–promoter communication

JP Karr, JJ Ferrie, R Tjian, X Darzacq - Genes & Development, 2022 - genesdev.cshlp.org
How distal cis-regulatory elements (eg, enhancers) communicate with promoters remains an
unresolved question of fundamental importance. Although transcription factors and cofactors …

Dynamics of CTCF-and cohesin-mediated chromatin loo** revealed by live-cell imaging

M Gabriele, HB Brandão, S Grosse-Holz, A Jha… - Science, 2022 - science.org
Animal genomes are folded into loops and topologically associating domains (TADs) by
CTCF and loop-extruding cohesins, but the live dynamics of loop formation and stability …

Cohesin and CTCF control the dynamics of chromosome folding

P Mach, PI Kos, Y Zhan, J Cramard, S Gaudin… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
In mammals, interactions between sequences within topologically associating domains
enable control of gene expression across large genomic distances. Yet it is unknown how …

Nonlinear control of transcription through enhancer–promoter interactions

J Zuin, G Roth, Y Zhan, J Cramard, J Redolfi… - Nature, 2022 - nature.com
Chromosome structure in mammals is thought to regulate transcription by modulating three-
dimensional interactions between enhancers and promoters, notably through CTCF …

Enhancer selectivity in space and time: from enhancer–promoter interactions to promoter activation

JH Yang, AS Hansen - Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2024 - nature.com
The primary regulators of metazoan gene expression are enhancers, originally functionally
defined as DNA sequences that can activate transcription at promoters in an orientation …

CTCF shapes chromatin structure and gene expression in health and disease

B Dehingia, M Milewska, M Janowski, A Pękowska - EMBO reports, 2022 - embopress.org
CCCTC‐binding factor (CTCF) is an eleven zinc finger (ZF), multivalent transcriptional
regulator, that recognizes numerous motifs thanks to the deployment of distinct combinations …

Mechanisms of chromosome folding and nuclear organization: their interplay and open questions

L Mirny, J Dekker - Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in …, 2022 - cshperspectives.cshlp.org
Microscopy and genomic approaches provide detailed descriptions of the three-dimensional
folding of chromosomes and nuclear organization. The fundamental question is how activity …

RNA polymerase II clusters form in line with surface condensation on regulatory chromatin

A Pancholi, T Klingberg, W Zhang, R Prizak… - Molecular systems …, 2021 - embopress.org
It is essential for cells to control which genes are transcribed into RNA. In eukaryotes, two
major control points are recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) into a paused state, and …

Real-time single-molecule imaging of transcriptional regulatory networks in living cells

DW Hwang, A Maekiniemi, RH Singer… - Nature Reviews …, 2024 - nature.com
Gene regulatory networks drive the specific transcriptional programmes responsible for the
diversification of cell types during the development of multicellular organisms. Although our …