Abstract Background Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are conceptual frameworks that
organize knowledge about biological interactions and toxicity mechanisms. They present a …

Fertilization is defined as the union of two gametes. During fertilization, sperm and egg fuse
to form a diploid zygote to initiate prenatal development. In mammals, fertilization involves …

STUDY QUESTION Are epididymosomes implicated in protein transfer from the epididymis
to spermatozoa? SUMMARY ANSWER We characterized the contribution of epididymal …

Vesicles, generally defined as self-assembled structures formed by single or multiple
concentric bilayers that surround an aqueous core, have been widely used for biomedical …

The human body is vastly colonised by microorganisms, whose impact on health is
increasingly recognised. The human genital tract hosts a diverse microbiota, and an …

Arboviruses and symbiotic viruses can be paternally transmitted by male insects to their
offspring for long-term viral persistence in nature, but the mechanism remains largely …

One of the most important develo** cell types in any biological system is the gamete
(sperm and egg). The transmission of phenotypes and optimally adapted physiology to …

The epididymis is responsible for post-testicular sperm maturation as it provides a favorable
environment for spermatozoa to gain the ability for movement and fertilization. The recent …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) modulate tissue homeostatic processes and immune responses.
Understanding tissue-Treg biology will contribute to develo** precision-targeting …

Background Exosomes are nano-sized membrane vesicles, secreted by different types of
cells into the body's biological fluids. They are found in abundance in semen as compared to …