Mit der PISA-Studie werden grundlegende Kompetenzen von Fünfzehnjährigen gegen
Ende der Pflichtschulzeit erfasst. Ziel ist es, Aussagen darüber zu treffen, wie gut die …

Although personality and cognitive ability are separate (sets of) constructs, we argue and
demonstrate in this article that their effects are difficult to tease apart, because personality …

When examinees' test-taking motivation is questionable, practitioners must determine
whether careless responding is of practical concern and if so, decide on the best approach …

Background Item response times in computerized assessments are frequently used to
identify rapid guessing behaviour as a manifestation of response disengagement. However …

There has been an increased interest in the impact of unmotivated test taking on test
performance and score validity. This has led to the development of new ways of measuring …

Four decades of research have shown that students' low test-taking effort is a serious threat
to the validity of score-based inferences from low-stakes, group-based educational …

Background In testing contexts that are predominately concerned with power, rapid
guessing (RG) has the potential to undermine the validity of inferences made from …

Low examinee effort is a major threat to valid uses of many test scores. Fortunately, several
methods have been developed to detect noneffortful item responses, most of which use …

Digital tests make it possible to identify student effort by means of response times,
specifically, unrealistically fast responses that are defined as rapid-guessing behavior …

Background A potential problem of low-stakes large-scale assessments such as the
Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) is low test …