The computer code system penelope (version 2014) performs Monte Carlo simulation of
coupled electron-photon transport in arbitrary materials for a wide energy range, from a few …

Attosecond science is based on electron dynamics driven by a strong optical electric field
and has evolved beyond its original scope in gas-phase atomic and molecular physics to …

B Supplementary mathematics Page 1 B Supplementary mathematics B.1 Linear operators on
Hilbert space General references [1], [2], [3], [4] B.1.1 Hilbert spaces This appendix summarizes …

Water is one of the most important, yet least understood, liquids in nature. Many anomalous
properties of liquid water originate from its well-connected hydrogen bond network …

The parity-violating asymmetry A PV in Pb 208, recently measured by the PREX-2
Collaboration, is studied using modern relativistic (covariant) and nonrelativistic energy …

Recently two emerging areas of research, attosecond and nanoscale physics, have started
to come together. Attosecond physics deals with phenomena occurring when ultrashort laser …

The ultrafast photoinduced ring-opening of 1, 3-cyclohexadiene constitutes a textbook
example of electrocyclic reactions in organic chemistry and a model for photobiological …

The density dependence of the symmetry energy around saturation density, characterized
by the slope parameter L, is studied using information provided by the neutron skin …

Simultaneous observation of nuclear and electronic motion is crucial for a complete
understanding of molecular dynamics in excited electronic states. It is challenging for a …

Monte Carlo softwares are widely used to understand the capabilities of electron
microscopes. To study more realistic applications with complex samples, 3D Monte Carlo …