This review examines the current understanding of the global coastal ocean carbon cycle
and provides a new quantitative synthesis of air-sea CO2 exchange. This reanalysis yields …

Methane (CH4) is produced in many natural systems that are vulnerable to change under a
warming climate, yet current CH4 budgets, as well as future shifts in CH4 emissions, have …

The coastal ocean contributes to regulating atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations by
taking up carbon dioxide (CO2) and releasing nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). In …

Fishes are the dominant vertebrates in the ocean, yet we know little of their contribution to
carbon export flux at regional to global scales. We synthesize the existing information on fish …

The carbon cycle of the coastal ocean is a dynamic component of the global carbon budget.
But the diverse sources and sinks of carbon and their complex interactions in these waters …

Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions and their
redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere is important to better …

A substantial amount of the atmospheric carbon taken up on land through photosynthesis
and chemical weathering is transported laterally along the aquatic continuum from upland …

Ocean acidification due to anthropogenic CO 2 emissions is a dominant driver of long-term
changes in pH in the open ocean, raising concern for the future of calcifying organisms …

Chemical weathering is an integral part of both the rock and carbon cycles and is being
affected by changes in land use, particularly as a result of agricultural practices such as …

Estuaries are a major boundary in the land-ocean interaction zone where organic carbon
(OC) and nutrients are being processed, resulting in a high water-to-air carbon dioxide …