Penelitian ini difokuskan pada ide proporsionalitas dalam hukum pidana dan penerapannya
dalam kebijakan formulasi sanksi pidana dalam perundang-undangan. Sebagai penelitian …

The harm requirement is one of the most fundamental tenets of negligence law: the tort is
incomplete and there can be no legal redress without proof of actual damage.'Mere …

The Article provides a law-and-economics analysis of the question of liability for online
republication. Its main thesis is that liability for republication generates a specter of multiple …

In late December 2019, the first cases of COVID-19, a respiratory illness caused by a new
strain of coronavirus, officially known as SARS-CoV-2, were reported in Wuhan, the capital …

With litigation socialisation development, an increasing number of civil litigation cases have
taken on social functions. Against this background, a punitive damages system involving …

When James pled guilty, everyone in the courtroom believed that James was a citizen. 1 The
year was 2001, James was twenty years old, and he was accepting a sentence of thirty …

According to the conventional definition of reasonableness, commonly known as the Hand
formula, a person acts unreasonably (hence negligently) toward another if they fail to take …

One fourth of the 196 countries we surveyed adopts some form of day fines—that is, fines
that increase with the wealth of the offender—and does so for moderate, non-monetary …

Police violence in America has been a crisis for nearly a century. In the 1920s, officers" were
encouraged to deal violently with suspected criminals on the street, even when violence was …