Earth's Van Allen radiation belts: From discovery to the Van Allen Probes era

W Li, MK Hudson - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
Discovery of the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts by instruments flown on Explorer 1 in 1958
was the first major discovery of the Space Age. The observation of distinct inner and outer …

[HTML][HTML] The relativistic electron-proton telescope (REPT) investigation: Design, operational properties, and science highlights

DN Baker, SG Kanekal, V Hoxie, X Li, AN Jaynes… - Space science …, 2021 - Springer
Abstract The Relativistic Electron-Proton Telescope (REPT) instruments were designed to
measure∼ 2 to> 18 MeV electrons and∼ 18 to> 115 MeV protons as part of the science …

The electric and magnetic fields instrument suite and integrated science (EMFISIS): Science, data, and usage best practices

CA Kletzing, J Bortnik, G Hospodarsky, WS Kurth… - Space science …, 2023 - Springer
We provide a post-mission assessment of the science and data from the Electric and
Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) investigation on the …

Factors affecting the geoeffectiveness of shocks and sheaths at 1 AU

N Lugaz, CJ Farrugia, RM Winslow… - Journal of …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
We identify all fast‐mode forward shocks, whose sheath regions resulted in a moderate (56
cases) or intense (38 cases) geomagnetic storm during 18.5 years from January 1997 to …

Simultaneous occurrence of four magnetospheric wave modes and the resultant combined scattering effect on radiation belt electrons

YW Zhao, Z **ang, XD Gu, BB Ni, X Ma… - Earth and Planetary …, 2022 - eppcgs.org
We report a representative concurrent event of four wave modes at L≈ 5.0, including
electrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic (ECH) waves, exohiss, magnetosonic (MS) waves …

Roles of whistler mode waves and magnetosonic waves in changing the outer radiation belt and the slot region

LY Li, J Yu, JB Cao, JY Yang, X Li… - Journal of …, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract Using the Van Allen Probe long‐term (2013–2015) observations and quasi‐linear
simulations of wave‐particle interactions, we examine the combined or competing effects of …

Unraveling the formation mechanism for the bursts of electron butterfly distributions: Test particle and quasilinear simulations

L Gan, W Li, Q Ma, AV Artemyev… - Geophysical Research …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Energetic electron dynamics is highly affected by plasma waves through quasilinear and/or
nonlinear interactions in the Earth's inner magnetosphere. In this letter, we provide physical …

Resonant scattering of radiation belt electrons by off‐equatorial magnetosonic waves

B Ni, Z Zou, S Fu, X Cao, X Gu… - Geophysical Research …, 2018 - Wiley Online Library
Fast magnetosonic (MS) waves are commonly regarded as electromagnetic waves that are
characteristically confined within±3° of the geomagnetic equator. We report two typical off …

Prompt injections of highly relativistic electrons induced by interplanetary shocks: A statistical study of Van Allen Probes observations

Q Schiller, SG Kanekal, LK Jian, X Li… - Geophysical …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
We conduct a statistical study on the sudden response of outer radiation belt electrons due
to interplanetary (IP) shocks during the Van Allen Probes era, ie, 2012 to 2015. Data from …

Distinct formation and evolution characteristics of outer radiation belt electron butterfly pitch angle distributions observed by Van Allen Probes

B Ni, L Yan, S Fu, X Gu, X Cao… - Geophysical …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Key Points Radiation belt electron butterfly PADs exhibited both short‐duration (~ hours)
and long‐duration (~ days) variations along with strong dependence on energy, L‐shell and …