Wastewater quality is usually assessed using physical, chemical and microbiological tests,
which are not suitable for online monitoring, provide unreliable results, or use hazardous …

Titanium nitride (TiN), a prominent transition metal nitride (TMN), has garnered significant
attention due to its exceptional characteristics and versatile applications in modern …

Sustainable management of water resources involves inventory, conservation, efficient
utilization, and quality management. Although, activities relating to quantity assessment and …

The waste that Pharmaceutical industries produce has hazardous implications on the
environment and public health if disposed without being treated. Pharmaceutical Industry …

Urban rivers represent a unique ecosystem in which pollution occurs regularly, leading to
significantly altered of chemical and biological characteristics of the surface water and …

Many recent studies have revealed that polluted rivers are emerging as potent emitters of
greenhouse gases (GHGs). However, the scientific understanding of GHG emissions is still …

Microplastics (MPs)─ ie, plastic particles less than 5 mm in length─ are becoming a
growing environmental concern due to their potential ecotoxicological impacts on aquatic …

Natural vegetation has been proved to promote water purification in previous studies, while
the relevant laws has not been excavated systematically. This research explored the …

Bacterial communities play a critical role in food webs and the biogeochemical cycles of
fundamental elements. However, there remains a substantial gap in our knowledge of the …

Malaysia depends heavily on rivers as a source for water supply, irrigation, and sustaining
the livelihood of local communities. The evolution of land use in urban areas due to rapid …