Abstract The adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-based vaccine developed by Merck failed to either
prevent HIV-1 infection or suppress viral load in subsequently infected subjects in the STEP …

Genetic diversity plays a key role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) adaptation,
providing a mechanism to escape host immune responses and develop resistance to …

Background: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) mutates within human leucocyte antigen (HLA)
class I restricted immunodominant epitopes of the non-structural (NS) 3/4A protease to …

Mechanisms by which hepatitis C virus (HCV) evades cellular immunity to establish
persistence in chronically infected individuals are not clear. Mutations in human leukocyte …

Background Antigen-specific CTL responses are thought to play a central role in
containment of HIV-1 infection, but no consistent correlation has been found between the …

ABSTRACT HIV-1 has eluded vaccine therapy for the past 40 years. The virus mutates
rapidly and is protected by a shifting glycan shield of mannose sugars, which has hindered …

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 22-nt non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of
cellular gene expression and potential cellular defense against viral infection. Using in silico …

Antiretroviral (ARV)–treated patients often maintain low to moderate levels of viremia,
despite the emergence of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We studied …

Simple Summary DNA immunization with drug-resistant HIV-1 protease (DR PR) is
proposed as immunotherapy to prevent the evolution of HIV-1 towards drug resistance and …

Objective: To identify promiscuous and potentially protective human CD4 T-cell epitopes in
most conserved regions within the protein-coding genome of HIV-1 clade B consensus …