Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of physics methods to study different societal
phenomena. This development has been due to physicists venturing outside of their …

Reputation and reciprocity are key mechanisms for cooperation in human societies, often
going hand in hand to favor prosocial behavior over selfish actions. Here we review recent …

Why should you help a competitor? Why should you contribute to the public good if free
riders reap the benefits of your generosity? Cooperation in a competitive world is a …

When one individual helps another, it benefits the recipient and may also gain a reputation
for being cooperative. This may induce others to favour the helper in subsequent …

Direct and indirect reciprocity are key mechanisms for the evolution of cooperation. Direct
reciprocity means that individuals use their own experience to decide whether to cooperate …

Social dilemmas occur when incentives for individuals are misaligned with group
interests,,,,,–. According to the 'tragedy of the commons', these misalignments can lead to …

Natural selection is conventionally assumed to favour the strong and selfish who maximize
their own resources at the expense of others. But many biological systems, and especially …

Combining evolutionary models with behavioral experiments can generate powerful insights
into the evolution of human behavior. The emergence of online labor markets such as …

Humans are an intensely social species, frequently performing costly behaviors that benefit
others. Efforts to solve the evolutionary puzzle of altruism have a lengthy history, and recent …

A defining aspect of human cooperation is the use of sophisticated indirect reciprocity. We
observe others, talk about others, and act accordingly. We help those who help others, and …