Due to the existence of two opposite sided opinions in bipolar fuzzy graphs, the positive and
negative communication between all pair of vertices always may not be strong. So, the …

Picture fuzzy planar graph is a generalization of fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy planar graph.
There are some real-life problems which cannot be handled by a fuzzy planar graph but …

Connectivity parameters have important role in the study of networks in the physical world.
Wiener index is one such parameter with several applications in chemistry and network …

Predicting the chances of various types of cancers for different organs in the human body is
a typical decision-making process in medicine and health. The signaling pathways have …

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the linguistic Z-graph, which is a novel
framework designed to analyze linguistic structures within social networks. By integrating …

Colouring of graphs is being used in several representations of real world systems like map
colouring, traffic signalling, etc. This study introduces the edge colouring of fuzzy graphs …

The Zagreb index (ZI) is a very important graph parameter and it is extensively used in
molecular chemistry, spectral graph theory, network theory and several fields of mathematics …

Abstract The Zagreb indices (ZIs) are important graph invariants that are used extensively in
many different fields in mathematics and chemistry, such as network theory, spectral graph …

The concepts of covering and matching in an intuitionistic fuzzy graph using strong arcs are
introduced and established many interesting properties on it. The notion of paired …

A graph structure is a useful framework to solve the combinatorial problems in various fields
of computational intelligence systems and computer science. In this research article, the …