Abstract Thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs), and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have been
characterized as electron donors, guards of the intracellular redox state, and “antioxidants” …

Activation of endothelium and immune cells is fundamental to the initiation of autoimmune
diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and it results in trans-endothelial cell migration …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent systemic autoimmune disease, caused by a
combination of genetic and environmental factors. Animal models suggest a role for …

Oxygen metabolism has an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the course of cellular oxidative …

The thioredoxin (Trx) system comprises Trx, truncated Trx (Trx-80), Trx reductase, and
NADPH, besides a natural Trx inhibitor, the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). This …

Abstract I. Introduction 00 II. Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species 00 III. Biological
Markers of Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress 00 IV. Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress and Protein …

The thioredoxin system—formed by thioredoxin reductase and its characteristic substrate
thioredoxin—is an important constituent of the intracellular redox milieu. Interactions with …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced mainly during oxidative phosphorylation and
by activated phagocytic cells during oxidative burst. The excessive production of ROS can …

Human cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), a homodimeric protein containing 1
selenocysteine and 1 FAD per subunit of 55 kDa, catalyses the NADPH‐dependent …

Thiol groups are crucially involved in signaling/homeostasis through oxidation, reduction,
and disulphide exchange. The overall thiol pool is the resultant of several individual pools of …