Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, membranous structures secreted into the
extracellular space. They exhibit diverse sizes, contents, and surface markers and are …

Although stem cell-based therapy has demonstrated considerable potential to manage
certain diseases more successfully than conventional surgery, it nevertheless comes with …

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous
system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB …

The extraordinary success of mRNA vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
has renewed interest in mRNA as a means of delivering therapeutic proteins. Early clinical …

Exosomes are a subgroup of nanosized extracellular vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer
membrane and secreted by most eukaryotic cells. They represent a route of intercellular …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as important mediators of
intercellular communication. They have important roles in numerous physiological and …

The field of extracellular vesicle (EV) research has developed rapidly over the last decade
from the study of fundamental biology to a subject of significant clinical relevance. The …

Exosomes are endosome-derived nanovesicles involved in cellular communication. They
are natural nanocarriers secreted by various cells, making them suitable candidates for …

Cell-derived exosomes have opened new horizons in modern therapy for advanced drug
delivery and therapeutic applications, due to their key features such as low immunogenicity …

Cells release small, phospholipid membrane-enclosed particles, collectively referred to as
extracellular vesicles (EVs), into their surroundings to enable intercellular communication …