In recent decades, origami has been explored to aid in the design of engineering structures.
These structures span multiple scales and have been demonstrated to be used toward …

In contrast to conventional hard actuators, soft actuators offer many vivid advantages, such
as improved flexibility, adaptability, and reconfigurability, which are intrinsic to living …

Abstract 3D printing will revolutionize the manufacturing industry. Significant advances in
computer aided design, additive manufacturing and materials science have opened up the …

Shape memory polymer (SMP) is an excellent smart material, which can sense and perform
active shape change as preprogrammed. So far, there are a wide variety of stimulus …

We present a new 4D printing approach that can create high resolution (up to a few
microns), multimaterial shape memory polymer (SMP) architectures. The approach is based …

The concept of 4D printing is its formation of complex three-dimensional structures that have
the ability to adopt different shapes and forms when subjected to different environmental …

Shape memory polymers (SMPs), as a class of programmable stimuli-responsive shape
changing polymers, are attracting increasing attention from the standpoint of both …

Two-way shape memory polymers (2W-SMPs) are a novel class of shape memory polymers
with the reversible and programmable shape-changing behavior which have gained …

Shape plays an important role in defining the function of materials, particularly those found
in nature. Several strategies exist to program materials to change from one shape to …

Recent advances in three dimensional (3D) printing technology that allow multiple materials
to be printed within each layer enable the creation of materials and components with …