Squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) offer a unique model system for testing hypotheses
about the evolutionary transition from oviparity (egg-laying) to viviparity (live-bearing) in …

Long-term sperm storage is a special reproductive strategy, which can extend the time
window between mating and fertilization in some animal species. Spermatozoa of the soft …

In the past decade, snake fungal disease (SFD) has been identified as an emerging threat to
snake populations throughout the eastern USA. Snake fungal disease is caused by the …

Temperature is a primary factor influencing organismal development, and the fluctuating
daily and seasonal thermal regimes of temperate climates may challenge the ability of …

There is growing interest in the use of glucocorticoid (GC) hormones to understand how wild
animals respond to environmental challenges. Blood is the best medium for obtaining …

Androgens and estrogens are steroid hormones that regulate reproductive processes in
both males and females. Monitoring plasma levels of these steroids or their metabolites …

The tegu lizard Salvator merianae is a large, widely distributed teiid lizard endemic to South
America that exhibits annual cycles of high activity during the spring and summer, and …

Snake fungal disease (SFD) is an emerging threat to snake populations in the United States.
Fungal pathogens are often associated with a physiological stress response mediated by …

In the face of global change, free-ranging organisms are expected to experience more
unpredictable stressors. An understanding of how organisms with different life history …

Translocation, a management and conservation strategy used commonly in which animals
are moved from their sites of origin to other localities, has proven controversial. We …