Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) refers to a microbial mediated process based upon an
enzymatic “Nitrogenase” conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonium readily …

Rhizobia are some of the best-studied plant microbiota. These oligotrophic
Alphaproteobacteria or Betaproteobacteria form symbioses with their legume hosts …

Nitrogenase is the only enzyme capable of reducing N2 to NH3. This challenging reaction
requires the coordinated transfer of multiple electrons from the reductase, Fe-protein, to the …

Legumes obtain nitrogen from air through rhizobia residing in root nodules. Some species of
rhizobia can colonize cereals but do not fix nitrogen on them. Disabling native regulation …

There are two types of electron bifurcation (EB), either quinone-or flavin-based
(QBEB/FBEB), that involve reduction of a quinone or flavin by a two-electron transfer and two …

Flavin-based electron bifurcation is a newly discovered mechanism, by which a hydride
electron pair from NAD (P) H, coenzyme F420H2, H2, or formate is split by flavoproteins into …

Nitrogenase harbors three distinct metal prosthetic groups that are required for its activity.
The simplest one is a [4Fe-4S] cluster located at the Fe protein nitrogenase component. The …

We report a rationally designed membrane‐intercalating conjugated oligoelectrolyte (COE),
namely COE‐IC, which endows aerobic N2‐fixing bacteria Azotobacter vinelandii with a …

The present nitrogen fixation industry is usually energy-intensive and environmentally
detrimental. Therefore, it is appealing to find alternatives. Here, we achieved both a …

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is controlled by intricate regulatory mechanisms to ensure
that fixed nitrogen is readily assimilated into biomass and not released to the environment …