In this Review, we describe the singular success of attractor neural network models in
describing how the brain maintains persistent activity states for working memory, corrects …

The symmetric, lattice-like spatial pattern of grid-cell activity is thought to provide a neuronal
global metric for space. This view is compatible with grid cells recorded in empty boxes but …

The medial entorhinal cortex is part of a neural system for map** the position of an
individual within a physical environment. Grid cells, a key component of this system, fire in a …

We developed a miniaturized two-photon microscope (MINI2P) for fast, high-resolution,
multiplane calcium imaging of over 1,000 neurons at a time in freely moving mice. With a …

Many animals rely on persistent internal representations of continuous variables for working
memory, navigation, and motor control. Existing theories typically assume that large …

The entorhinal cortex represents allocentric spatial geometry and egocentric speed and
heading information required for spatial navigation. However, it remains unclear whether it …

Place recognition is an essential spatial intelligence capability for robots to understand and
navigate the world. However, recognizing places in natural environments remains a …

ABSTRACT I have been incredibly fortunate to have worked in the field of hippocampal
spatial coding during three of its most exciting decades, the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s …

Animals move in three dimensions (3D). Thus, 3D measurement is necessary to report the
true kinematics of animal movement. Existing 3D measurement techniques draw on …

Bats, the only flying mammals, comprise almost 25% of mammalian species. They are
excellent navigators, highly social, and extremely long-lived. Their sense of echolocation …