Abstract The Bayan Obo Fe–REE–Nb deposit is the world's largest rare earth element (REE)
resource and with the increasing focus on critical metal resources has become a focus of …

The rare earth elements (REE) are critical raw materials for much of modern technology,
particularly renewable energy infrastructure and electric vehicles that are vital for the energy …

Apatite-group phosphates are nearly ubiquitous in carbonatites, but our understanding of
these minerals is inadequate, particularly in the areas of element partitioning and …

Most carbonatites were emplaced in continental extensional settings and range in age from
Archean to recent. They commonly coexist with alkaline silicate igneous rocks, forming …

Abstract The Bear Lodge alkaline complex in northeastern Wyoming (USA) is host to
potentially economic rare-earth mineralization in carbonatite and carbonatite-related veins …

The rare earth elements are unusual when defining giant-sized ore deposits, as resources
are often quoted as total rare earth oxide, but the importance of a deposit may be related to …

Within continental lithosphere, widespread seismic evidence suggests a sharp
discontinuous downward decrease in seismic velocity at 60–160 km depth. This …

Silicocarbonatites are carbonatite rocks containing> 20% silicate minerals. Their formation is
not well understood due to low silica solubility in carbonatite melts and negligible amounts …

Abstract The Aley Nb deposit in northern British Columbia, Canada, is hosted by
metamorphosed calcite and dolomite carbonatites of anorogenic affinity emplaced in Lower …

Nolans Bore is a rare earth element (REE) ore deposit in the Reynolds Range, Aileron
Province, Northern Territory, Australia. It consists primarily of fluorapatite and alteration …