Concealed deep beneath the oceans is a carbon conveyor belt, propelled by plate tectonics.
Our understanding of its modern functioning is underpinned by direct observations, but its …

Karst bauxites over the world have significant economic value and the geodynamic controls
of their formation have attracted wide attention. These deposits are distributed over a vast …

Mammals have dominated Earth for approximately 55 Myr thanks to their adaptations and
resilience to warming and cooling during the Cenozoic. All life will eventually perish in a …

Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) has recently gained attention as a potential method for
carbon dioxide removal (CDR) at gigatonne (Gt) scale, with near-coast OAE operations …

In the Precambrian, reverse weathering—a process consuming oceanic silica, metal cations
and alkalinity to form marine clays—was a key control of the long-term carbon cycle …

Kimberlites are volatile-rich, occasionally diamond-bearing magmas that have erupted
explosively at Earth's surface in the geologic past,–. These enigmatic magmas, originating …

The evolving mosaic of tectonic plates across the surface of the Earth sets boundary
conditions for the evolution of biotic and abiotic processes and helps shape the dynamics of …

Oceanic anoxic events are geologically abrupt phases of extreme oxygen depletion in the
oceans that disrupted marine ecosystems and brought about evolutionary turnover. Typically …

Following a decade during which its presence was widely accepted, the existence of the
putative Ediacaran supercontinent Pannotia has come into question since the turn of the …

Minerals in soil can sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide through natural organic and
inorganic processes. Here we consider three soil-and mineral-based methods for carbon …