Vegetation cover fraction (fCover) and related quantities are basic yet critical vegetation
structure variables in various disciplines and applications. Ground-and aerial-based …

Leaf area index (LAI) is the total one‐sided area of leaf tissue per unit ground surface area. It
is a key parameter in ecophysiology, especially for scaling up the gas exchange from leaf to …

The most important meteorological parameter affecting the human energy balance during
sunny weather conditions is the mean radiant temperature T mrt. It considers the uniform …

Rapid, reliable and objective estimations of leaf area index (LAI) are essential for numerous
studies of atmosphere–vegetation interaction, as LAI is very often a critical parameter in …

The retrieval of canopy architectural parameters using off-the-shelf digital cameras with fish-
eye lens is investigated. The technique used takes advantage of the sensor's linear …

Forest conservation has become one of the most important environmental issues currently
facing humanity, as a result of widespread deforestation and forest degradation. Pressures …

A correct exposure is of crucial importance for accurate retrieval of canopy parameters using
hemispherical photograph techniques. Digital hemispherical photographs were collected …

The analysis of hemispherical photographs is nowadays an established method for
assessing light indirectly and describing canopy structures. In this article, we present an …

Savannas are spatially heterogeneous, open ecosystems, thus efforts to quantify canopy
structure with methods developed for homogeneous, closed canopies are prone to failure …

Tree crown volume is a fundamental tree characteristic. It correlates to forest biomass
production and most relevant ecosystem and environmental functions, such as carbon …