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Projections of an ice-free Arctic Ocean
Observed Arctic sea ice losses are a sentinel of anthropogenic climate change. These
reductions are projected to continue with ongoing warming, ultimately leading to an ice-free …
reductions are projected to continue with ongoing warming, ultimately leading to an ice-free …
[HTML][HTML] Climate change: Strategies for mitigation and adaptation
The sustainability of life on Earth is under increasing threat due to human-induced climate
change. This perilous change in the Earth's climate is caused by increases in carbon dioxide …
change. This perilous change in the Earth's climate is caused by increases in carbon dioxide …
Future global climate: scenario-based projections and near-term information
This chapter assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …
Arctic amplification of climate change: a review of underlying mechanisms
Arctic amplification (AA)—referring to the enhancement of near-surface air temperature
change over the Arctic relative to lower latitudes—is a prominent feature of climate change …
change over the Arctic relative to lower latitudes—is a prominent feature of climate change …
Global warming overshoots increase risks of climate tip** cascades in a network model
Current policies and actions make it very likely, at least temporarily, to overshoot the Paris
climate targets of 1.5–< 2.0° C above pre-industrial levels. If this global warming range is …
climate targets of 1.5–< 2.0° C above pre-industrial levels. If this global warming range is …
Global lake responses to climate change
Climate change is one of the most severe threats to global lake ecosystems. Lake surface
conditions, such as ice cover, surface temperature, evaporation and water level, respond …
conditions, such as ice cover, surface temperature, evaporation and water level, respond …
[HTML][HTML] Many risky feedback loops amplify the need for climate action
Many feedback loops significantly increase warming due to greenhouse gas emissions.
However, not all of these feedbacks are fully accounted for in climate models. Thus …
However, not all of these feedbacks are fully accounted for in climate models. Thus …
Polar regions
This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …
Physical manifestations and ecological implications of Arctic Atlantification
The Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean is influenced by vigorous inflows of Atlantic Water.
The high-latitude impacts of these inflows have strengthened owing to climate change …
The high-latitude impacts of these inflows have strengthened owing to climate change …
[HTML][HTML] Ubiquity of human-induced changes in climate variability
While climate change mitigation targets necessarily concern maximum mean state changes,
understanding impacts and develo** adaptation strategies will be largely contingent on …
understanding impacts and develo** adaptation strategies will be largely contingent on …