After the success of the Bitcoin blockchain, came several cryptocurrencies and blockchain
solutions in the last decade. Nonetheless, Blockchain-based systems still suffer from low …

Despite the great success of blockchain systems in recent years, blockchains still struggle to
provide the same level of latency and throughput as centralized financial systems. The core …

Blockchains have the potential to revolutionize markets and services. However, they
currently exhibit high latencies and fail to handle transaction loads comparable to those …

Blockchain technology is affected by massive limitations in scalability with consequent
repercussions on performance. This discussion aims at analyzing the state of the art of …

Abstract Bitcoin's Lightning Network (LN) is a scalability solution for Bitcoin allowing
transactions to be issued with negligible fees and settled instantly at scale. In order to use …

Payment channel networks, and the Lightning Network in particular, seem to offer a solution
to the lack of scalability and privacy offered by Bitcoin and other blockchain-based …

Payment channel networks provide a fast and scalable solution to relay funds, acting as a
second layer to slower and less scalable blockchain protocols. In this paper, we present an …

Payment channel networks have been introduced to mitigate the scalability issues inherent
to permissionless decentralized cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. Launched in 2018, the …

The Lightning Network promises to alleviate Bitcoin's known scalability problems. The
operation of such second layer approaches relies on the ability of participants to turn to the …

Dynamic off-chain routing in payment channel network (PCN)-based Internet of Things (IoT)
is attracting increasing research attention. However, there are two major issues in dynamic …