Vertebrates harbour microbes both internally and externally, and collectively, these
microorganisms (the 'microbiome') contain genes that outnumber the host's genetic …

The skin constitutes the primary physical barrier between vertebrates and their external
environment. Characterization of skin microorganisms is essential for understanding how a …

Covering: through 2014 Many organisms team up with microbes for defense against
predators, parasites, parasitoids, or pathogens. Here we review the described protective …

Bacteria and fungi can form a range of physical associations that depend on various modes
of molecular communication for their development and functioning. These bacterial-fungal …

Gut health challenges, possibly related to alterations in gut microbiota, caused by plant
ingredients in the diets, cause losses in Atlantic salmon production. To investigate the role of …

Amphibian declines and extinctions are emblematic for the current sixth mass extinction
event. Infectious drivers of these declines include the recently emerged fungal pathogens …

Elucidating the mechanisms underpinning the responses of abundant and rare microbial
taxa to environmental disturbances is essential for understanding the biodiversity-stability …

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a chytrid fungus that causes chytridiomycosis in
amphibians. Only named in 1999, Bd is a proximate driver of declines in global amphibian …

Probiotic therapy through bioaugmentation is a feasible disease mitigation strategy based
on growing evidence that microbes contribute to host defences of plants and animals …

Emerging infectious diseases threaten human and wildlife populations. Altered ecological
interactions between mutualistic microbes and hosts can result in disease, but an …