We should not necessarily expect positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in observational field data

JG Hagan, B Vanschoenwinkel, L Gamfeldt - Ecology Letters, 2021‏ - Wiley Online Library
Our current, empirical understanding of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem
function is based on two information sources. First, controlled experiments which show …

Causal inference with observational data and unobserved confounding variables

JEK Byrnes, LE Dee - Ecology Letters, 2025‏ - Wiley Online Library
Experiments have long been the gold standard for causal inference in Ecology. As Ecology
tackles progressively larger problems, however, we are moving beyond the scales at which …

Predictive models aren't for causal inference

S Arif, MA MacNeil - Ecology Letters, 2022‏ - Wiley Online Library
Ecologists often rely on observational data to understand causal relationships. Although
observational causal inference methodologies exist, predictive techniques such as model …

Identifying direct and indirect associations among traits by merging phylogenetic comparative methods and structural equation models

JT Thorson, AA Maureaud, R Frelat… - Methods in Ecology …, 2023‏ - Wiley Online Library
Traits underlie organismal responses to their environment and are essential to predict
community responses to environmental conditions under global change. Species differ in life …

Latitudinal patterns in stabilizing density dependence of forest communities

L Hülsmann, RA Chisholm, L Comita, MD Visser… - Nature, 2024‏ - nature.com
Numerous studies have shown reduced performance in plants that are surrounded by
neighbours of the same species,, a phenomenon known as conspecific negative density …

Drivers of arthropod biodiversity in an urban ecosystem

JMM Lewthwaite, TM Baiotto, BV Brown, YY Cheung… - Scientific Reports, 2024‏ - nature.com
Our world is becoming increasingly urbanized with a growing human population
concentrated around cities. The expansion of urban areas has important consequences for …

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use and residual gastric content before anesthesia

S Sen, PP Potnuru, N Hernandez, C Goehl… - JAMA …, 2024‏ - jamanetwork.com
Importance Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) use is rapidly increasing in
the US, driven by its expanded approval for weight management in addition to …

Improving generalization of machine learning-identified biomarkers using causal modelling with examples from immune receptor diagnostics

M Pavlović, GS Al Hajj, C Kanduri, J Pensar… - Nature Machine …, 2024‏ - nature.com
Abstract Machine learning is increasingly used to discover diagnostic and prognostic
biomarkers from high-dimensional molecular data. However, a variety of factors related to …

LIES of omission: complex observation processes in ecology

FJ Chadwick, DT Haydon, D Husmeier… - Trends in Ecology & …, 2024‏ - cell.com
Advances in statistics mean that it is now possible to tackle increasingly sophisticated
observation processes. The intricacies and ambitious scale of modern data collection …

Using generative AI to investigate medical imagery models and datasets

O Lang, D Yaya-Stupp, I Traynis, H Cole-Lewis… - …, 2024‏ - thelancet.com
Background AI models have shown promise in performing many medical imaging tasks.
However, our ability to explain what signals these models have learned is severely lacking …