Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that recognize pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and …

Vaccines have proven to be the most cost-efficient and reasonable way to fight and
exterminate virulent pathogens. Vaccines can be designed using a variety of platforms …

Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), such as HPV-16 and
HPV-18, can induce cervical cancer in humans. The disease carries high morbidity and …

Vaccine development is among the critical issues for ceasing the COVID-19 pandemic. This
review discusses the current usage of biomaterials in vaccine development and provides …

It is believed that human papilloma virus infection (HPV), which is caused by the DNA virus,
is the most prominent factor contributing to sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the world …

The ability of tumor cells to evade the immune system is one of the main challenges we
confront in the fight against cancer. Multiple strategies have been developed to counteract …

Introduction The use of biocompatible polymers, from natural or synthetic sources, opened
the door for a new era in vaccine research. These polymers offer the possibility to develop …

Bacteria-based immunotherapy has become a promising strategy to induce innate and
adaptive responses for fighting cancer. The advantages of bacteriolytic tumor therapy mainly …

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-known sexually transmitted disorder globally. Human
papillomavirus (HPV) is the 3rd most common cancer that causes cervical carcinoma, and …

Alveolar echinococcosis, a parasitic zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of
Echinococcus multilocularis infection, is a global epidemic in Eurasia and North America …