An electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain–computer interface (BCI) is a system that
provides a pathway between the brain and external devices by interpreting EEG. EEG …

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in brain–computer
interfaces (BCI). It begins by providing an introduction to BCIs, describing their main …

A brain–computer interface (BCI) establishes a direct communication channel between a
brain and an external device. With recent advances in neurotechnology and artificial …

On‐skin electrodes function as an ideal platform for collecting high‐quality
electrophysiological (EP) signals due to their unique characteristics, such as stretchability …

Medical robots are invaluable players in non‐pharmaceutical treatment of disabilities.
Particularly, using prosthetic and rehabilitation devices with human–machine interfaces can …

The journey of a prosthetic user is characterized by the opportunities and the limitations of a
device that should enable activities of daily living (ADL). In particular, experiencing a bionic …

Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) can be used to decode brain activity into commands to
control external devices. This paper presents the decoding of intuitive upper extremity …

Decoding brain activity from non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) is crucial for brain-
computer interfaces (BCIs) and the study of brain disorders. Notably, end-to-end EEG …

Brain computer interfaces (BCI) for the rehabilitation of motor impairments exploit
sensorimotor rhythms (SMR) in the electroencephalogram (EEG). However, the …

Classification of electroencephalogram-based motor imagery (MI-EEG) tasks is crucial in
brain–computer interface (BCI). EEG signals require a large number of channels in the …