Abstract Changes in Arctic vegetation can have important implications for trophic
interactions and ecosystem functioning leading to climate feedbacks. Plot-based vegetation …

Open top chambers (OTCs) were adopted as the recommended warming mechanism by the
International Tundra Experiment network in the early 1990s. Since then, OTCs have been …

Rapid climate warming is altering Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystem structure and function,
including shifts in plant phenology. While the advancement of green up and flowering are …

Recent observations of changes in some tundra ecosystems appear to be responses to a
warming climate. Several experimental studies have shown that tundra plants and …

Inference about future climate change impacts typically relies on one of three approaches:
manipulative experiments, historical comparisons (broadly defined to include monitoring the …

Dryland ecosystems account for ca. 27% of global soil organic carbon (C) reserves, yet it is
largely unknown how climate change will impact C cycling and storage in these areas. In …

Alpine meadows in the Tibetan Plateau contain a large amount of soil organic carbon
(SOC), which is highly vulnerable to climate change and has thus been a research priority …

Because of severe abiotic limitations, Antarctic soils represent simplified systems, where
microorganisms are the principal drivers of nutrient cycling. This relative simplicity makes …

Recent changes in climate have led to significant shifts in phenology, with many studies
demonstrating advanced phenology in response to warming temperatures. The rate of …

Meta-analysis is the statistical synthesis of the results of separate studies. It was adapted
from other disciplines for use in ecology and evolutionary biology beginning in the early …