This article reviews patterns, causes and consequences of gender-biased infestation of
small mammalian hosts by macroparasites. We start with a description of gender biases in …

Biologists have developed a wide range of morphological, biochemical and physiological
metrics to assess the health and, in particular, the energetic status of individual animals …

Male-biased parasite loads, which are common in vertebrates, could be a consequence of
sexual selection, and for species that group, the costs of parasites could vary with group size …

Ectoparasite load in small mammals can be influenced by both environmental conditions
and host species characteristics. However, the nature of these influences is poorly …

Summary 1 Recent reviews demonstrate that genetically determined alternative mating
strategies (AMS) are widespread and typically consist of morphs that are recognized by …

We investigated the presence and potential causes of sex bias in ectoparasite infestations in
the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis. We compared the natural tick and flea …

Identifying the factors that affect host–parasite interactions is essential for understanding the
ecology and dynamics of vector‐borne diseases and may be an important component of …

Ectoparasitism may be recognized as one of the main costs of coloniality, but little is known
about how it affects the fitness and social structure of bats, the most gregarious of mammals …

We examined the correlations between prevalence (proportion of infested individuals),
mean intensity (number of parasites per infested individual), and the number of bat fly …

Species with alternative phenotypes offer unique opportunities to investigate hormone–
behavior relationships. We investigated the relationships between testosterone …