Carbon fluxes in subduction zones can be better constrained by including new estimates of
carbon concentration in subducting mantle peridotites, consideration of carbonate solubility …

Over the past century a number of models have been developed to explain the vast
stratigraphic distribution of authigenic dolomite. These models include hydrogeological …

Volatile elements (water, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, halogens, and noble gases) played an
essential role in the secular evolution of the solid Earth and emergence of life. Here we …

Seabed fluid flow involves the flow of gases and liquids through the seabed. Such fluids
have been found to leak through the seabed into the marine environment in seas and …

Characteristics of cold seeps at different geologic settings are the subject of this review
primarily based on results of the Research Consortium SFB 574. Criteria are drawn from …

Cold seeps occur in geologically active and passive continental margins, where pore waters
enriched in methane are forced upward through the sediments by pressure gradients. The …

The oldest known seep deposits with macroinvertebrate taxa are Devonian in age. Although
more and more examples continue to be discovered, the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic record of …

Water plays a critical role in erosion and sediment transport and this relationship is most
evident in the hyperarid Atacama Desert of Northern Chile, a region characterized by …

Hydrocarbon seeps and hydrothermal vents are now known to be common at continental
margins and oceanic spreading centers worldwide, exuding fluids rich in CH4 and H2S, and …

Marine authigenic carbonates form shallow-water microbialites, mud mounds, and
hydrocarbon-seep deposits and contain appreciable amounts of trace elements that yield …