The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are core steps of
various energy conversion and storage systems. However, their sluggish reaction kinetics …

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS)
have opened a variety of exciting research fields. However, although a vast number of …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of
origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate …

Chiral discrimination is critical in environmental and life sciences. However, an ideal chiral
discrimination strategy has not yet been developed because of the inevitable nonspecific …

Nanophotonic devices, which control light in subwavelength volumes and enhance light–
matter interactions, have opened up exciting prospects for biosensing. Numerous …

The interaction between molecular electronic transitions and electromagnetic fields can be
enlarged to the point where distinct hybrid light–matter states, polaritons, emerge. The …

Hydrogen energy-based electrochemical energy conversion technologies offer the promise
of enabling a transition of the global energy landscape from fossil fuels to renewable energy …

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of organic crystalline porous materials
discovered in the early 21st century that have become an attractive class of emerging …

Rapid and accurate molecular diagnosis is a prerequisite for precision medicine, food
safety, and environmental monitoring. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic …

Plasmonic gold nanoparticles have been used increasingly in solid-state systems because
of their applicability in fabricating novel sensors, heterogeneous catalysts, metamaterials …