Large herbivores and carnivores (the megafauna) have been in a state of decline and
extinction since the Late Pleistocene, both on land and more recently in the oceans. Much …

During the last two decades, new archaeological projects which systematically integrate a
variety of plant recovery techniques, along with palaeoecology, palaeoclimate, soil science …

This book explores the geography, ecology, and antiquity of'open ecosystems', which
include grasslands, savannas, and shrublands. They occur in climates that can support …

The temporal and spatial coarseness of megafaunal fossil records complicates attempts to to
disentangle the relative impacts of climate change, ecosystem restructuring, and human …

The role of seasonality is indisputable in climate and ecosystem dynamics. Seasonal
temperature and precipitation variability are of vital importance for the availability of food …

The extirpation of native wildlife species and widespread establishment of livestock farming
has dramatically distorted large mammal herbivore communities across the globe …

Fire positively and negatively affects food webs across all trophic levels and guilds and
influences a range of ecological processes that reinforce fire regimes, such as nutrient …

Herbivory is a key process structuring vegetation in savannas, especially in Africa where
large mammal herbivore communities remain intact. Exclusion experiments consistently …

Forecasts of species range shifts under climate change most often rely on ecological niche
models, in which characterizations of climate suitability are highly contingent on the species …

Large carnivores can exert top–down effects in ecosystems, but the size of these effects are
largely unknown. Empirical investigation on the importance of large carnivores for …