Sex differences have been observed across many psychiatric diseases, especially mood
disorders. For major depression, the most prevalent psychiatric disorder, females show a …

Long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal CA1 synapses is classically triggered by the
synaptic activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs). More recently, it has been shown that …

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission is a form of activity-dependent
synaptic plasticity that exists at most synapses in the nervous system. In the central nervous …

Fear promotes adaptive responses to threats. However, when the level of fear is not
proportional to the level of threat, maladaptive fear-related behaviors characteristic of …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common neuropsychiatric disorder affecting the mood
and mental well-being. Its pathophysiology remains elusive due to the complexity and …

Two forms of NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) at
hippocampal CA1 synapses can be distinguished based on their sensitivity to inhibitors of …

Sex differences have complicated our understanding of the neurobiological basis of many
behaviors that are key for survival. As such, continued elucidation of the similarities and …

Several studies have consistently reported a detrimental effect of chronic stress on
recognition memory. However, the effects of acute stress on this cognitive ability have been …

17β-estradiol (E2) is synthesized in the hippocampus of both sexes and acutely potentiates
excitatory synapses in each sex. Previously, we found that the mechanisms for initiation of …

Unpredictable chronic mild stress (CMS) is among the most popular protocols used to
induce depressive-like behaviors such as anhedonia in rats. Differences in CMS protocols …