Bilirubin has several physiological functions, both beneficial and harmful. In addition to
reactive oxygen species-scavenging activities, bilirubin has potent immunosuppressive …

Nanoparticle (NP) is an emerging tool applied in the biomedical field. With combination of
different materials and adjustment of their physical and chemical properties, nanoparticles …

Recent research on bilirubin, a historically well-known waste product of heme catabolism,
suggests an entirely new function as a metabolic hormone that drives gene transcription by …

Cartilage-targeting delivery of therapeutic agents is still an effective strategy for osteoarthritis
(OA) therapy. Recently, scavenging for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activating …

Rosmarinic acid (RA), one of the most important polyphenol-based antioxidants, has
received growing interest because of its bioactive properties, including anti-inflammatory …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate multiple physiological functions; however, the over-
accumulation of ROS causes premature aging and/or death and is associated with various …

Periodontitis is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease in which the continuous activation
of oxidative stress surpasses the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of the …

Highlights•This review article offers an in-depth overview of significant advances in the field
of antioxidative nanotechnology.•The pathology and molecular mechanisms of oxidative …

Anti-oxidative agents hold great potential in osteoarthritis (OA) therapy. However, most
radical scavengers have poor biocompatibility and potential cytotoxicity, which limit their …

Inflammatory disease (ID) is an umbrella term encompassing all illnesses involving chronic
inflammation as the central manifestation of pathogenesis. These include, inflammatory …