Background: Whether the positive associations of smoking and alcohol consumption with
gastrointestinal diseases are causal is uncertain. We conducted this Mendelian …

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) have paved the way to new perspectives on the regulation of
gene expression, not only in biology and medicine, but also in associated fields and …

Identifying causal factors for Mendelian and common diseases is an ongoing challenge in
medical genetics. Population bottleneck events, such as those that occurred in the history of …

Genetic association data from national biobanks and large-scale association studies have
provided new prospects for understanding the genetic evolution of complex traits and …

Aims/hypothesis Type 2 diabetes is highly polygenic and influenced by multiple biological
pathways. Rapid expansion in the number of type 2 diabetes loci can be leveraged to …

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified hundreds of signals associated with
type 2 diabetes (T2D). To gain insight into their underlying molecular mechanisms, we have …

The causality of the association between depression and gastrointestinal diseases is
undetermined. We conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to systematically …

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in youth has increased substantially, yet the genetic
underpinnings remain largely unexplored. To identify genetic variants predisposing to youth …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness, affecting 200
million people worldwide. To identify genes that could be targeted for treatment, we created …

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an adult-onset, sporadic synucleinopathy characterized by
parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and dysautonomia. The genetic architecture of MSA is …