Modern genome-scale methods that identify new genes, such as proteogenomics and
ribosome profiling, have revealed, to the surprise of many, that overlap in genes, open …

Objective To study the pathophysiology of endometriosis. Design Overview of observations
on endometriosis. Setting Not applicable. Patient (s) None. Interventions (s) None. Main …

Evolution is the hallmark of life. Descriptions of the evolution of microorganisms have
provided a wealth of information, but knowledge regarding “what happened” has precluded …

Robustness, the ability to maintain performance in the face of perturbations and uncertainty,
is a long-recognized key property of living systems. Owing to intimate links to cellular …

Robustness is the invariance of phenotypes in the face of perturbation. The robustness of
phenotypes appears at various levels of biological organization, including gene expression …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the juvenile hormones (JH). The JH, a family of
acyclic sesquiterpenoids, are essential to insect development and reproduction. This …

As a consequence of the lack of proofreading activity of RNA virus polymerases, new viral
genetic variants are constantly created. RNA viruses readily adapt to changing …

The degree to which developmental biases affect trait evolution is subject to much debate.
Here, we first quantify fluctuating asymmetry as a measure of developmental variability, ie …

Robustness seems to be the opposite of evolvability. If phenotypes are robust against
mutation, we might expect that a population will have difficulty adapting to an environmental …

Giant viruses (GVs) are a hotspot of unresolved controversies since their discovery,
including the definition of “Virus” and their origin. While increasing knowledge of genome …