Both the discovery of biomarkers of schizophrenia and the verification of biological
hypotheses of schizophrenia are an essential part of the process of understanding the …

Oxytocin (OT) is a nonapeptide mainly produced in the supraoptic and paraventricular
nuclei. OT in the brain and blood has extensive functions in both mental and physical …

Human neurohormone vasopressin (AVP) is synthesized in overlap** regions in the
hypothalamus. It is mainly known for its vasoconstricting abilities, and it is responsible for the …

Background Social determinants of health (SDoHs) are nonmedical factors that significantly
impact health and longevity. We found no published reviews on the biology of SDoHs in …

Early-life stress during critical periods of brain development can have long-term effects on
physical and mental health. Oxytocin is a critical social regulator and anti-inflammatory …

The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in persons with schizophrenia has spurred
investigational efforts to study the mechanism beneath its pathophysiology. Early psychosis …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) represent two major neuropathological
conditions with a high disease burden. Despite their distinct etiologies, patients suffering …

Is a cyclic neuropeptide produced primarily in the hypothalamus and plays an important
neuromodulatory role for other neurotransmitter systems, with an impact on behavior …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychopathological condition with a
heterogeneous clinical picture that is complex and challenging to treat. Its multifaceted …

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is often associated with severe burden of disease,
poor quality of life and functional impairment. Clozapine is the gold standard for the …