China has responded to a national land-system sustainability emergency via an integrated
portfolio of large-scale programmes. Here we review 16 sustainability programmes, which …

Plantation forests are established, and expanding, to satisfy increasing global demand for
timber products. Shifting societal values, such as safety, productivity, environmental, quality …

Addressing the sustainability challenges facing humanity in the Anthropocene requires the
coupling of human and natural systems, rather than their separate treatment. To understand …

During the past decades, overuse of land resources has increasingly contributed to
environmental crises in China. To mitigate wide-spread land degradation, actions have …

Ecological restoration policies and their implementation are influenced by ecological and
socioeconomic drivers. Top-down approach-based spatial planning, emphasizing …

Forests are sources of wood, non‐timber forest products and ecosystems services and
goods that benefit society as a whole, and are especially important to rural livelihoods …

Background Farming on slo** lands has historically led to forest loss and degradation in
China, which coupled with unsustainable timber extraction activities, was deemed …

Context Exploring how ecosystem service values (ESV) are likely to change based on
government intentions to develop and protect land is essential for sustainable landscape …

Fuelwood is an essential environmental good for livelihood in rural China. Heavy reliance
on fuelwood is associated with numerous negative externalities. Due to decades of rapid …

Changes in the land use/cover alter the Earth system processes and affect the provision of
ecosystem services, posing a challenge to achieve sustainable development. In the past few …