Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of quarks and gluons, whose interactions can be
described by a local SU (3) gauge symmetry with charges called “color quantum numbers” …

This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving
detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC …

Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles
such as nucleons as well as nuclei. As a future high energy nuclear physics project, an …

The physics of the gravitational form factors of the proton, as well as their understanding
within quantum chromodynamics, has advanced significantly in the past two decades …

Abstract This White Paper aims at highlighting the important benefits in the science reach of
the EIC. High luminosity operation is generally desirable, as it enables producing and …

Abstract This White Paper presents an overview of the current status and future perspective
of QCD research, based on the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the 2022 …

Since the parton model was introduced by Feynman more than 50 years ago, much has
been learned about the partonic structure of the proton through a large body of high-energy …

The physics related to the form factors of the energy–momentum tensor spans a wide
spectrum of problems, and includes gravitational physics, hard-exclusive reactions, hadronic …

The proton, one of the components of atomic nuclei, is composed of fundamental particles
called quarks and gluons. Gluons are the carriers of the force that binds quarks together …

The strong force which binds hadrons is described by the theory of quantum
chromodynamics (QCD). Determining the character and manifestations of QCD is one of the …