The exploration of the universe has recently entered a new era thanks to the multi-
messenger paradigm, characterized by a continuous increase in the quantity and quality of …

We provide a comprehensive review of major developments in our understanding of gamma-
ray bursts, with particular focus on the discoveries made within the last fifteen years when …

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) display a bimodal duration distribution with a separation between
the short-and long-duration bursts at about 2 s. The progenitors of long GRBs have been …

The Swift mission, scheduled for launch in 2004, is a multiwavelength observatory for
gamma-ray burst (GRB) astronomy. It is a first-of-its-kind autonomous rapid-slewing satellite …

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As a result of deprivation of oxygen (hypoxia) and nutrients, the growth and viability of cells
is reduced. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α helps to restore oxygen homeostasis by …

The discovery of afterglows associated with γ-ray bursts at X-ray, optical and radio
wavelengths and the measurement of the redshifts of some of these events, has established …

Gamma-ray bursts (GRB's), short and intense pulses of low-energy γ rays, have fascinated
astronomers and astrophysicists since their unexpected discovery in the late sixties. During …

Observations show that at least some gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) happen simultaneously
with core-collapse supernovae (SNe), thus linking by a common thread nature's two …

The recent confirmation that at least some γ-ray bursts originate at cosmological distances,,,
suggests that the radiation from them could be used to probe some of the fundamental laws …