Brain macrophage development, diversity and dysregulation in health and disease
Brain macrophages include microglia in the parenchyma, border-associated macrophages
in the meningeal-choroid plexus-perivascular space, and monocyte-derived macrophages …
in the meningeal-choroid plexus-perivascular space, and monocyte-derived macrophages …
Microglia and beyond: innate immune cells as regulators of brain development and behavioral function
Innate immune cells play a well-documented role in the etiology and disease course of
many brain-based conditions, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, traumatic …
many brain-based conditions, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, traumatic …
Considering sex and gender in Alzheimer disease and other dementias
Suffering related to dementia is multifaceted because cognitive and physical functioning
slowly deteriorates. Advanced age and sex, two of the most prominent risk factors for …
slowly deteriorates. Advanced age and sex, two of the most prominent risk factors for …
Estrogens in male physiology
Estrogens have historically been associated with female reproduction, but work over the last
two decades established that estrogens and their main nuclear receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) …
two decades established that estrogens and their main nuclear receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) …
[HTML][HTML] The postnatal GABA shift: a developmental perspective
GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter that counterbalances excitation in the mature
brain. The inhibitory action of GABA relies on the inflow of chloride ions (Cl−), which …
brain. The inhibitory action of GABA relies on the inflow of chloride ions (Cl−), which …
Comparing postnatal development of gonadal hormones and associated social behaviors in rats, mice, and humans
Postnatal development includes dramatic changes in gonadal hormones and the many
social behaviors they help regulate, both in rodents and humans. Parental care-seeking is …
social behaviors they help regulate, both in rodents and humans. Parental care-seeking is …
Foetal oestrogens and autism
Elevated latent prenatal steroidogenic activity has been found in the amniotic fluid of autistic
boys, based on measuring prenatal androgens and other steroid hormones. To date, it is …
boys, based on measuring prenatal androgens and other steroid hormones. To date, it is …
Sex/gender differences in cognitive abilities
Sex/gender differences in cognitive sciences are riddled by conflicting perspectives. At the
center of debates are clinical, social, and political perspectives. Front and center …
center of debates are clinical, social, and political perspectives. Front and center …
Sex differences in microglial phagocytosis in the neonatal hippocampus
Microglia regulate brain development through many processes, such as promoting
neurogenesis, supporting cell survival, and phagocytizing progenitor, newly-born, and dying …
neurogenesis, supporting cell survival, and phagocytizing progenitor, newly-born, and dying …
Sex differences in brain‐derived neurotrophic factor signaling and functions
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family that plays
a critical role in numerous neuronal activities. Recent studies have indicated that some …
a critical role in numerous neuronal activities. Recent studies have indicated that some …