Intensification of aquaculture practices resulted in increased ammonia production in the
culture systems. Lack of proper management of the culture system will result in elevated …

Protein deficiency is a major difficulty for human needs in the past few decades, while
different types of aquatic species are rich in high quality protein. Therefore, aquaculture is …

The Growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) axis plays a central role as the
endocrine regulator of physiological functions in teleost fish and other vertebrates. The basic …

Abstract T and B lymphocytes (T and B cells) are immune effector cells that play critical roles
in adaptive immunity and defend against external pathogens in most vertebrates, including …

Melatonin (MT) is an indole hormone widely found in plants and animals. Many studies have
shown that MT promotes the growth and immunity of mammals, fish, and crabs. However …

Abstract Background The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is an economically important
shellfish around the world. Great efforts have been made to improve its growth rate through …

Spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus), widely distributed along the Chinese coasts, is
an economically important aquaculture fish species. Recently, degeneration of genetic …

Riboflavin (vitamin B2 found in food) is a precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and
flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which study as coenzymes for a variety of cellular …

Advancements in genome sequencing technology have brought unprecedented
accessibility of high-throughput sequencing to species of conservation interest. The potential …

This paper develops a model for coordinate regulation of feeding, metabolism, and growth
based on studies in fish. Many factors involved with the control of feeding [eg …