Review of fracturing techniques (microwaves, high-voltage pulses, and cryogenic fluids) for application as access creation method in low-permeability hard rocks for …

S Kafashi, L Kuhar, A Bóna… - Mineral Processing and …, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
Rising mining costs and fewer high-grade ore deposits have necessitated a search for
alternative methods for the recovery of metals from deposits that are no longer economically …

[HTML][HTML] Geomechanical Perspectives and Reviews on the Development and Evolution of Cross-Scale Discontinuities in the Earth's Crust: Patterns, Mechanisms and …

S Li, Z Kang, M Wang, X Zhang, J Zhao, X Li… - Gas Science and …, 2024 - Elsevier
Abstract Knowledge concerning the development and evolution of cross-scale
discontinuities, such as crevasses, joints, dikes, and faults, caused by crust movement and …

Thermally induced fracturing in hot dry rock environments-Laboratory studies

Y Lu, M Cha - Geothermics, 2022 - Elsevier
In enhanced geothermal system (EGS) wells, where strong thermal gradients exist, hydraulic
fracturing is the apparent driver for creating permeability in the reservoirs. Thermal effects …

[HTML][HTML] Enhance liquid nitrogen fracturing performance on hot dry rock by cyclic injection

CY Hong, RY Yang, ZW Huang, XY Zhuang, HT Wen… - Petroleum Science, 2023 - Elsevier
Producing complex fracture networks in a safe way plays a critical role in the hot dry rock
(HDR) geothermal energy exploitation. However, conventional hydraulic fracturing (HF) …

Initial temperature conduction process and fracture response of rock impacted by ultra-low-temperature fluid: A case study of polymethyl methacrylate

Q Li, Y Li, D Song, XX Guo, H Wang, C Wang… - Physics of …, 2024 - pubs.aip.org
Injecting ultra-low-temperature fluids, such as liquid carbon dioxide (CO 2) and liquid
nitrogen (LN 2), into deep, low-permeability reservoirs for fracturing is an emerging …

[HTML][HTML] Experimental study of cryogenic treatment of Karaganda coal samples

L Wang, N Yessenbayev, X Yan, I Sarmalayev… - Petroleum …, 2024 - Elsevier
Abstract Karaganda Coal Basin bears the largest undeveloped reserve of coalbed methane
(CBM) in Kazakhstan, which lacks water resources for implementing large-volume hydraulic …

Cryogenic Fracture Proliferation from Boreholes under Stresses

M Cha, NB Alqahtani, L Wang - Processes, 2023 - mdpi.com
Cryogenic fracturing has been explored in recent years as a waterless fracturing method for
well stimulation to avoid issues encountered in water-based hydraulic fracturing. Cryogenic …

Microstructural Characteristics of Damaged Hot Dry Rock Flow Network Stimulated by Cryogenic Liquid Nitrogen Shock

Y Sun, L Feng, C Zhai, Y Zhao, X Yu, J Xu, Y Cong… - ACS …, 2025 - ACS Publications
Hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal development faces challenges due to the difficulty of
stimulating fluid flow and heat-exchange fracture channels within deep, low-porosity, and …

Characteristics of Three-Dimensional Pore-Fracture Network Development and Enhanced Seepage Heat Transfer in Hot Dry Rock Stimulated by Temperature Shock …

Y Sun, L Feng, C Zhai, X Yu, J Xu, Y Cong, Y Zheng… - ACS …, 2024 - ACS Publications
Hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal is a sustainable and clean energy source. However, its
development progress is hindered by creating seepage channels in deep reservoirs with …

Cyclic LN2 Treatment of Coal Samples from Coal Basin in Kazakhstan

S Longinos, L Wang, A Loskutova, D Zhang… - SPE Europec featured …, 2022 - onepetro.org
In recent years liquid nitrogen (LN2) fracturing technology has been investigated as a
promising stimulating technique in coalbed methane (CBM) development. Using the …