Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has a single-stranded DNA genome encapsidated in a small
icosahedrally symmetric protein shell with 60 subunits. AAV is the leading delivery vector in …

PIEZO channels respond to piconewton-scale forces to mediate critical physiological and
pathophysiological processes,,,–. Detergent-solubilized PIEZO channels form bowl-shaped …

The L-type voltage-gated Ca 2+(Ca v) channels are modulated by various compounds
exemplified by 1, 4-dihydropyridines (DHP), benzothiazepines (BTZ), and …

Most protein particles prepared in vitreous ice for single-particle cryo-electron microscopy
(cryo-EM) are adsorbed to air–water or substrate–water interfaces, which can cause the …

The fast development of single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has made it
more feasible to obtain the 3D structure of well-behaved macromolecules with a molecular …

The high-conductance intracellular calcium (Ca2+) channel RyR2 is essential for the
coupling of excitation and contraction in cardiac muscle. Among various modulators …

Membrane protein biogenesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is complex and failure-
prone. The ER membrane protein complex (EMC), comprising eight conserved subunits, has …

Respirasome, as a vital part of the oxidative phosphorylation system, undertakes the task of
transferring electrons from the electron donors to oxygen and produces a proton …

Chromatin remodellers include diverse enzymes with distinct biological functions, but
nucleosome-sliding activity appears to be a common theme,. Among the remodelling …

The pre-catalytic spliceosome (B complex) is preceded by its precursor spliceosome (pre-B
complex) and followed by the activated spliceosome (Bact complex). The pre-B-to-B and B …