Recent Icelandic rifting events have illuminated the roles of centralized crustal magma
reservoirs and lateral magma transport,,–, important characteristics of mid-ocean ridge …

Volcanic eruptions impact climate, subtly and profoundly. The size of an eruption is only
loosely correlated with the severity of its climate effects, which can include changes in …

Subduction is the main process that recycles surface material into the mantle. Fluids and
melts derived by dehydration and partial melting reactions of subducted continental crust, a …

Recent advances indicate that the amount of carbon released by gradual degassing from
the mantle needs to be revised upwards, whereas the carbon supplied by plumes may have …

Alkaline mafic magmas forming intra-plate oceanic islands are believed to be strongly
enriched in CO2 due to low-degree partial melting of enriched mantle sources. However …

Past large igneous province (LIP) emplacement is commonly associated with mantle plume
upwelling and led to major carbon emissions. One of Earth's largest past environmental …

The convecting mantle is the Earth's largest carbon reservoir that controls the carbon outflux
from the interior to surface, but its carbon content remains largely uncertain due to limited …

Sulfur degassed at volcanic arcs calls for dissolved sulfate ions (S6+) released by
subduction-zone fluids, oxidizing (in association with carbon) the subarc mantle, but sulfur …

Volatile elements are concentrated at Earth's surface, forming a rich atmosphere and oceans
which enabled the eventual emergence of life. However, volatiles are also abundant in solid …

The Nyiragongo volcano is one of the most alkali-rich volcanic centres on the planet (Na2O+
K2O generally> 10 wt.%, agpaitic index up to 1.34), characterized by a semi-permanently …