Background Infections during pregnancy have been robustly associated with adverse
mental and physical health outcomes in offspring, yet the underlying molecular pathways …

Background Seasonal variations in environmental exposures at birth or during gestation are
associated with numerous adult traits and health outcomes later in life. Whether DNA …

Exposure to environmental stressors during pregnancy plays an important role in influencing
subsequent susceptibility to certain chronic diseases through the modulation of epigenetic …

Introduction By recent estimates, 40% of children worldwide are exposed to second-hand
smoke (SHS), which has been associated with adverse health outcomes. While numerous …

The general psychopathology factor (GPF) has been proposed as a way to capture variance
shared between psychiatric symptoms. Despite a growing body of evidence showing both …

The prevalence of prenatal tobacco exposure remains high in many countries, particularly in
southern Europe. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of smoking among …

Background Hippocampal volume increases throughout early development and is an
important indicator of cognitive abilities and mental health. However, hippocampal …

Tobacco retail outlet (TRO) density has been associated with increased cotinine levels in
pregnant persons and their children. As such, the higher densities of TROs may represent …

Background: Smoking during pregnancy has been linked to adverse health outcomes in
offspring, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. To date, the effect of …

Background Each mother–child dyad represents a unique combination of genetic and
environmental factors. This constellation of variables impacts the expression of countless …