Biofouling is the undesired deposition and growth of microorganisms on surfaces, forming
biofilms. The definition is subjective and operational: not every biofilm causes biofouling …

Membranes, as the primary tool in membrane separation techniques, tend to suffer external
deposition of pollutants and microorganisms depending on the nature of the treating …

Develo** innovative films and coatings is paramount for extending the shelf life of
numerous food products and augmenting the barrier and antimicrobial properties of food …

Nature-inspired interfacial materials with special wettability have received considerable
attention owing to their superior properties and promising multifunctional applications …

Infections, contaminations, and biofouling resulting from micro-and/or macro-organisms
remained a prominent threat to the public health, food industry, and aqua-/marine-related …

Bacteriophages are the most abundant biological entity in the world and hold a tremendous
amount of unexplored genetic information. Since their discovery, phages have drawn a great …

Bacteriophage immobilization is a key unit operation in emerging biotechnologies, enabling
new possibilities for biodetection of pathogenic microbes at low concentration, production of …

Biofouling is a critical concern in reverse osmosis as it significantly deteriorates the efficacy
of the treatment processes. A biofouling assessment technique offers an insight into the …

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been recognized as one of the most promising
materials for the removal of a wide range of pharmaceuticals in water; however, aggregation …

Membrane technology is playing a crucial role in cutting-edge innovations in the biomedical
field. One such innovation is the surface engineering of a membrane for enhanced longevity …